77-19: The Reduction of Chromate by Amine Phosphonates at a Low pHDuring the last ten to fifteen years, major advances have ocurred in the technology of cooling water scale and corrosion inhibitors. One of the most significant advances started during the middle 1960's when the organophosphates were introduced commercially. These materials won rapid acceptance in industry because of their strong threshold effect and their high level of hydrolytic stability.